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#  Copyright 2011 Sybren A. Stüvel <sybren@stuvel.eu>
#
#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
#  limitations under the License.

"""Data transformation functions.

From bytes to a number, number to bytes, etc.
"""

import math

def bytes2int(raw_bytes: bytes) -> int:
    r"""Converts a list of bytes or an 8-bit string to an integer.

When using unicode strings, encode it to some encoding like UTF8 first.

>>> (((128 * 256) + 64) * 256) + 15
    8405007
    >>> bytes2int(b'\x80@\x0f')
    8405007

"""
    return int.from_bytes(raw_bytes, "big", signed=False)

def int2bytes(number: int, fill_size: int = 0) -> bytes:
    """
    Convert an unsigned integer to bytes (big-endian)::

Does not preserve leading zeros if you don't specify a fill size.

:param number:
        Integer value
    :param fill_size:
        If the optional fill size is given the length of the resulting
        byte string is expected to be the fill size and will be padded
        with prefix zero bytes to satisfy that length.
    :returns:
        Raw bytes (base-256 representation).
    :raises:
        ``OverflowError`` when fill_size is given and the number takes up more
        bytes than fit into the block. This requires the ``overflow``
        argument to this function to be set to ``False`` otherwise, no
        error will be raised.
    """

if number < 0:
        raise ValueError("Number must be an unsigned integer: %d" % number)

bytes_required = max(1, math.ceil(number.bit_length() / 8))

if fill_size > 0:
        return number.to_bytes(fill_size, "big")

return number.to_bytes(bytes_required, "big")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import doctest

doctest.testmod()

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__pycache__ DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-09-17 12:30:06	Edit Download recursive recursive
asn1.py	1.75 KB	lrw-r--r--	2021-03-29 21:17:08	Edit Download recursive recursive
cli.py	9.94 KB	lrw-r--r--	2021-11-24 09:39:08	Edit Download recursive recursive
common.py	4.75 KB	lrw-r--r--	2021-11-24 10:00:05	Edit Download recursive recursive
core.py	1.67 KB	lrw-r--r--	2021-11-24 10:00:05	Edit Download recursive recursive
key.py	27.62 KB	lrw-r--r--	2022-04-13 08:57:32	Edit Download recursive recursive
parallel.py	2.35 KB	lrw-r--r--	2021-03-29 21:17:08	Edit Download recursive recursive
pem.py	4.03 KB	lrw-r--r--	2021-03-29 21:17:08	Edit Download recursive recursive
pkcs1.py	16.30 KB	lrw-r--r--	2022-07-20 09:28:13	Edit Download recursive recursive
pkcs1_v2.py	3.47 KB	lrw-r--r--	2021-11-24 10:00:05	Edit Download recursive recursive
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py.typed	64 B	lrw-r--r--	2021-03-24 09:26:09	Edit Download recursive recursive
randnum.py	2.69 KB	lrw-r--r--	2021-03-29 21:15:57	Edit Download recursive recursive
transform.py	2.22 KB	lrw-r--r--	2021-11-24 10:00:05	Edit Download recursive recursive
util.py	3.02 KB	lrw-r--r--	2021-03-29 21:17:08	Edit Download recursive recursive
__init__.py	1.57 KB	lrw-r--r--	2022-07-20 10:28:59	Edit Download recursive recursive

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